Food Security
BEE KEEPING FARMING IN AFRICA — HONEY MAKING – update
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The rearing of bees (Apiculture) is basically for production of honey, wax and propolis. Some African communities keep bees with the sole purpose of providing security to their homesteads and farms.Bee keeping was initially perceived as a traditional enterprise commonest among the hunters . The animals were considered wild where they scavenged for their own feed away from their shelter (open space on tree branches, in underground holes/caves etc).
Ethiopia is one of the largest producer of honey in Africa and it produces approximately 55,300tonnes per year, while the country has the potential to produce up to 500,000 tonnes of honey. Ethiopia is also the fourth largest beeswax producer in the world after China Turkey and Argentina.Ethiopia’s honey is known for its desirable qualities such as low moisture content and a variety of natural and delicious flavours. Ethiopia is also the continent’s leading producer and exporter of beewax and honey. With bees colonies of approximately 7million.
Generally beekeeping is an old agricultural practices in Ethiopia involving about a million households in bees keeping business. Contributing enormously to the country’s economy.
In Cameron , Bee colonies are farmed on tree branches
With current innovations in agricultural sector, bee keeping is becoming a large scale venture and it has proved to have a much significant role in addressing the issue of food security and income sustainability. For instance, research has proved that bees play a very crucial role in pollination of the crops and this is important for agricultural crop yields.
The innovation efforts have been geared towards changing the perception that bees are wild insects and cannot be farmed just like any other conventional animal.
STARTING BEE KEEPING
Just like many other enterprises, it is important to do valuation for the suitability/viability of the enterprise before investing your cash, time and effort.
Among the important factors to consider are together with:
— Bees availability
This is the question of the ecological conditions of the place. Bees will prefer some places from the others for instance Adamawa regions and oku locality in North West Cameroon have proven to be very fertile.. The factors of great concern are temperatures, humidity and rainfall which will determine the availability of important resources like water and feed.
The simplest method to populate the hives is by the use of the catcher boxes which are put in the path of the swarming bees to attract them. Some honey combs can be put into this boxes to lure the bees into the catcher box.
CAPITAL
One has to determine if he/she has the required amount to start bee keeping. This is in terms of the cash for the purchase of the equipment like bee hives, catcher boxes, artificial feeds, labour, power honey comb spinners, smokers and all related cost.
We always recommend that the farmer should consider starting small and make use of locally available material. This will minimize on the cost and ensure good returns to a growing farmer.
SITE SELECTION
Siting the apiary is very important to a bee keeper to minimize the conflict between these animals and the famer/public/other animals. Below is an outline of the important considerations when siting an apiary:
The apiary should be away from noisy places like near a working machine. Noise excites bees and motivates them to sting.
Site the apiary at the place far from homestead and the animal yards/grazing areas. Site the bee hives closer to watering and foraging points. This will minimize the distance travelled to look for feed and water and the same is converted to productivity
Avoid situating hives closer to the busy roads/paths. Bees are easily disturbed by strong wind and air current. Avoid siting the hives directly facing the wind direction.
Site the hives at a point that makes supervision easy for the farmer/manager.
Make provisions to minimize the chances of predation to the bees. Most bee farmers are using the wire mesh to enclose the area so as to keep away birds and animals that prey on bees. You can as well use scare crows to keep in check the predators
Market for the final products
Every farmer wants to get the profit at the end of his/her labour. This is only attainable if the market for the final products is very much known and well organized. Considerations has to be made on how easy it will be to transport the inputs to the farm and the produce to the market.
The farmer has to understand what are the legal policies affecting the market for the products. How is the product affected by the forces of demand and supply in the final market? This determines the amount of the profit one can realize from it all.
Social and Cultural consideration
It is important to understand the cultural believes of the people you target as the final market. For instance say a farmer wants to keep bees for honey among the people who believe honey is a product from insects and they are not interested to feed on such, it won’t work for this farmer to achieve the goals. But in a Muslim community it would be easier since honey is being cited in the sunnah as a powerful drug.
Bee is a social insect and will prefer living in a family like structure we are calling a colony. Each single bee colony can be made up of up to 3000-9000 bees or even more depending on the availability of the water and feed material around. The largest proportion of this is the worker bees (about 90% of the colony).
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-Antioxidants
Cashews are rich in carotenoids and Polyphenols antioxidants that helps reduce inflammation and offers protection from disease.
-Low Sugar
Cashews are low in sugar which helps reduce the risk for serious diseases such as Type 2 Diabetes, Lung disease, Heart disease, Liver disease, fatty buildup and enhances weight loss.
-Rich in Fibers
Fibers are very important to normalize bowel movement, also increases weight and size of stool thereby improving transit.
-Plant Protein
Cashews contain phytonutrients and quicker muscle repair property. Plant proteins have been linked to a lower risk of stroke heart disease
-Essential micro-nutrients
Cashew kernels are a good source of copper, magnesium and Manganese (nutrients for energy production, brain health, immunity and bone health
).
-Reduce cholesterol
Too much cholesterol in the body cause plaque buildup in arteries which can lead to atherosclerosis (cardiovascular disease).
At WufasAgronet, we are competent and reliable Food Technologists into Human Capital and Value Chain Development Consultancy in Food Processing technology training the teeming youthful population including tertiary institutions graduates in Global Competitiveness and International Best practices in Food Processing technology. Contact email wufasagronet@gmail.com
www.wufasagronet.com
…. @WufasAgronet we are Food Security (processing) Advocates
✅Earned FAO, WFP, WORLD BANK, IFAD, IDA, IMF, UN, ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATIONS, BBC NEWS, JAGABAN ARMY, PUNCH NEWSPAPERS, GUARDIAN Newspapers, Today Reporters, Ripples News, AIT Online etc TopFan Barges.
✅Member NAAJ, PAAJ, IFAJ AND AFAN.
✅Consultancy Services in Human Capital and Value Chain Development Consultancy in Food Processing technology.
✔️At WufasAgronet, we provide adequate cooling effects on milk production and other perishables to support the Livestock Ministry through our competent INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP with foreign experts.
TYPES OF COLD CHAINS
-SHOCK FREEZERS
Shock Freezers are professional equipment that controls temperature necessary for keeping products fresh for a long time.
While preserving the products the equipment makes to keep undamaged nutritional value of the products after being defrosted. The equipment is made to consists of Double Stage Semi Hermatic compressors. The Shock freezers system allows to lower the temperature very rapidly up to -180°C degrees. Freezing is provided by air coolers of it by blowing over fronted surface of the wagon. This enables to freeze down quickly in cold air flow. The room air should not exceed 35°/-40.°C. Besides, it’s proven to be a low-waste and environment friendly system.
COLDSTORAGE
This system is manufactured and installed with the entire components like it is ready to use. It could be of mobile device.
This system can be disassembled so it can be moved to other places.
Cold storage consist of the following levels and types of preserving:
-Cold-rooms 🙁 +16° / +5°C)
-Cold storage Rooms (+5°/-5°C)
-Freezing Rooms : (-18°/-23°C)
-Shock freezer :(-35°/-40°C) .
DEEPFREEZE ROOMS.
These are for preserving products such as meat, poultry etc. For a long time. They are preserved under temperatures not exceeding – 18°/-23°C. In order to isolate these rooms 150mm width sandwich panels are used.
COLD ROOMS
Cold rooms are used to keep baked goods, chocolates etc.
The cold rooms prevent bacteria from growing. Low ventilation allows workers to work without endangering their health which is very important aspect too.
At WufasAgronet, we are competent and reliable Food Technologists into Human Capital and Value Chain Development Consultancy in Food Processing technology training the teeming youthful population including tertiary institutions graduates in Global Competitiveness and International Best practices in Food Processing technology. Contact, email wufasagronet@gmail.com
FOOD SECURITY
NATURAL COLORS IN FOOD
www.wufasagronet.com
…. @WUFASAGRONET, we are competent and reliable Food Technologists.
✅Earned FAO, WFP, WORLD BANK, IFAD, IDA, IMF, UNSDG, UN, USAID, UNICEF, ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATIONS, BBC NEWS, JAGABAN ARMY, PUNCH NEWSPAPERS, GUARDIAN NEWSPAPERS, AIT Online, Today Reporters, Ripples News etc TopFan Barges.
✅Member NAAJ, PAAJ, IFAJ AND AFAN.
✅Consultancy Services in Human Capital and Value Chain Development in Food Processing technology.
FOOD COLORS
Natural colors are available in powder, Gel paste and liquid forms with oil soluble (OS) and water soluble (ws).
USAGE –
In Beverages, Bakery(bread, cakes etc), Dairy (Yogurt, ice cream, flavor milk etc) and Confectionery (candy, jelly etc ).
COLORS/NAME /LIQUID /DOSAGE (%)
-Pink to baby pink / Carmine, E120-liquid. – 0.1
-Wine / Radish red, E163 (viii) /liquid -0.1
-Purple / Carmine cohineal, E120, Gardenia blue /liquid -0.1
-Yellow /Gardenia yellow, E164/ liquid -0.1
-Brown /Caramel color E150D-liquid-0.05-0.2
-Dark brown /Caramel color E150D/ powder -0.1
-Light Brown / Caramel color E150A-powder-0.1
-Green /chlorophyll in copper sodium salt E141(ii) – liquid -0.1
-Lime green /Carthamins yellow, Gardenia blue E165 – liquid -0.1
-Red Velvet / Carmine cohineal, E120 – powder -0.3-0.5
-Lemon yellow / Natural carotene E160A (ii-powder )-0.1
✅Each of the above have Product code…….. on request
At WufasAgronet, we are competent and reliable Food Technologists into Human Capital and Value Chain Development Consultancy in Food Processing technology training the teeming youthful population including teirary institutions graduates in Global Competitiveness and International Best practices in Food Processing technology. Contact email wufasagronet@gmail.com
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